It constitutes a part of vitamin B12, which is useful in anemia treatment as it provokes the formation of red blood cells. Ĭobalt is a transition metal that has a beneficial effect on human health. In healthcare, it has been widely used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, drug delivery, and novel drug formulations.
Nanotechnology has applications across different fields, such as nanomedicines, biomaterials, nanoelectronics, environment, imaging, industries, and agriculture. Nanotechnology combines various chemical and physical processes to construct nanomaterials, which are less than 100 nm in at least one dimension, and have unique properties. In this review, we have summarized the recent literature for the understanding of green synthesis of cobalt and cobalt oxide NPs, their characterization, and various biomedical applications. Such biogenic cobalt and cobalt oxide NPs offer more advantages over other physicochemically synthesized methods. Recently, an eco-friendly, safe, easy, and simple method has been developed by researchers, which uses biotic resources such as plant extract, microorganisms, algae, and other biomolecules such as starch and gelatin.
Different chemical and physical approaches have been used to synthesize cobalt and cobalt oxide NPs however, these methods could be associated with eco-toxicity, cost-effectiveness, high energy, and time consumption. In addition to biomedical applications, cobalt and cobalt oxide NPs have been widely used in lithium-ion batteries, pigments and dyes, electronic thin film, capacitors, gas sensors, heterogeneous catalysis, and for environmental remediation purposes. Cobalt and cobalt oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have various biomedical applications because of their distinctive antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, larvicidal, antileishmanial, anticholinergic, wound healing, and antidiabetic properties. Over the past few decades, nanomaterials have attracted researchers from different fields because of their high surface-to-volume ratio and other unique and remarkable properties.
Nanotechnology is the fabrication, characterization, and potential application of various materials at the nanoscale.
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